Studies show that kids of narcissistic parents might face more emotional and behavioral issues early on1. Daughters of narcissistic dads often feel deeply affected, leading to serious symptoms that last into adulthood. Let’s dicuss 10 Symptoms Of Daughters Of Narcissistic Fathers.
Narcissistic dads often lack empathy and crave constant praise. They act manipulatively and think very highly of themselves. Understanding how narcissistic fathers affect their is key for daughters to deal with the harm done to them.
Key Takeaways
- Daughters of narcissistic fathers often struggle with chronic self-doubt, low self-esteem, and difficulty setting boundaries2.
- Many develop people-pleasing tendencies and an excessive need for external validation to gain their father’s approval2.
- Trust issues, emotional dysregulation, and attachment disorders are common, hindering the formation of healthy relationships2.
- Perfectionistic tendencies and a fear of failure can stem from the pressure to meet unrealistic expectations set by their narcissistic father2.
- Daughters may struggle to assert their own needs and boundaries, often prioritizing the desires of others over their own2.
Understanding the Impact of Narcissistic Fathers
Narcissistic fathers often show traits that deeply affect their daughters’ emotional health. They lack empathy and crave admiration. They also act manipulatively and think highly of themselves3. This kind of parenting can make daughters face mental health issues like anxiety, depression, and low self-esteem3.
Daughters of narcissistic fathers often doubt themselves and seek approval from others. They feel they’re not good enough because they didn’t get enough love from their dads3. They might feel anxious and rely too much on what others think of them3. It’s hard for them to set boundaries and take back their lives, but it’s important3.
The Lasting Impacts of Narcissistic Fatherhood
A narcissistic father’s influence can deeply affect his daughters emotionally and mentally4. They often doubt themselves, feel not good enough, and aim for perfection4. They might have trouble with trust and closeness in relationships because of their father’s unpredictable behavior4.
These daughters may feel emotionally ignored, fear being left, and always be on guard4. They find it hard to set boundaries because they fear their father’s reaction4. They can also be gaslighted and manipulated, making them question their own thoughts and memories4.
Getting over the effects of a narcissistic father is hard but possible. With awareness, therapy, and support, daughters can find themselves, set healthy limits, and move past their past3. Healing is a long journey, but it’s key for these daughters to focus on their well-being and face the harm their father caused3.
10 symptoms of daughters of narcissistic fathers
Daughters of narcissistic fathers often face many emotional and psychological challenges. These can affect their self-esteem, relationships, and well-being. The 10 symptoms highlight the struggles they may go through:
- Chronic self-doubt: Daughters may feel they always need approval, even when it’s not possible5.
- Excessive need for external validation: They might become overly focused on getting approval5.
- Difficulty trusting and forming intimate relationships: Trust issues arise from their complex relationship with their father56.
- Emotional sensitivity and dysregulation: They may become overly dependent on others for emotional support5.
- Troubled relationships and attachment issues: They find it hard to set boundaries and fear rejection56.
- Perfectionistic tendencies and fear of failure: They may overachieve or underachieve, seeking validation5.
- Boundary setting challenges and people-pleasing: They often please others to avoid conflict6.
- Fear of abandonment and rejection: This fear comes from their upbringing in a narcissistic home5.
- Self-sabotaging behaviors and identity suppression: They struggle to express their needs due to emotional abuse5.
- A heightened sense of insecurity: They often seek validation in their relationships5.
These symptoms show how deeply narcissistic fathers can affect their daughters’ emotional health and growth. Healing and recovery is possible with the right support and help6.
Understanding the challenges daughters of narcissistic fathers face is key to helping them move forward. It’s the first step towards breaking free from their past7.
Chronic Self-Doubt: The Struggle with Confidence
Growing up with a narcissistic father can deeply affect a daughter’s self-worth and confidence. Constant criticism and emotional manipulation can erode a child’s self-esteem. This makes it hard to build a strong, positive self-image8. Daughters often struggle with self-doubt and feel less capable because of the high expectations from their narcissistic fathers.
Adults who grew up with narcissistic parents may feel bad about themselves. They might have deep self-doubt and low self-esteem8. They might not give themselves credit because they fear being seen as arrogant8. This issue gets worse when narcissists exaggerate their achievements without real evidence8.
The imposter syndrome is also common for daughters of narcissistic fathers. They might feel they don’t deserve their success or think they’re just pretending8. Marianne Williamson said, “Our deepest fear is not that we are inadequate. Our deepest fear is that we are powerful beyond measure.”8 Understanding and embracing our true power is key to overcoming this fear.
Getting over chronic self-doubt and lack of confidence takes hard work and support8. Counseling and self-acceptance can help daughters of narcissistic fathers. They can learn to quiet the inner critic and believe in their worth89.
The path to self-acceptance is tough but vital for reclaiming self-esteem and building confidence9. By facing the harm caused by a narcissistic father, daughters can escape self-doubt and emotional manipulation. This opens the door to a brighter, empowered future.
Excessive Need for External Validation
Daughters of narcissistic fathers often feel a deep need for approval from others. This comes from not getting enough love and support from their dads10. They struggle to find their own worth, always looking for others to tell them they’re good enough.
This search for approval can be a never-ending cycle. Daughters find it hard to trust their own feelings because of their dads’ constant criticism and emotional games11. They chase after perfect ideals, fearing they’re not good enough, all to try and win their father’s love.
- They might act out by always needing reassurance, posting a lot on social media, or trying too hard to please others.
- They might also pick partners who don’t truly accept them, always looking for validation from someone else11.
- This need for approval can lead to serious mental health issues, like depression, anxiety, and PTSD11.
Healing for these daughters means understanding why they need so much approval and building their own self-worth10. It’s a tough journey, but it’s key to stop chasing approval and find their true value.
“The greatest gift you can give yourself is to learn to love and accept yourself exactly as you are, without condition.” – Louise Hay
Difficulty Trusting and Forming Intimate Relationships
Growing up with a narcissistic father can make daughters wary of trust and afraid of being open. This makes it hard for them to build and keep close relationships12. The pain and emotional tricks they faced as kids make them hesitant to be open with others. This affects their ability to form deep, lasting bonds12.
Daughters of narcissistic fathers often find it hard to trust and connect deeply with others. They’ve seen their father show no empathy and be emotionally unavailable13. This makes them worry about being let down or left again13.
Overcoming the Legacy of Distrust
Getting over the hurt from a narcissistic father and finding healthy relationships takes hard work. Daughters need to see their own value, set clear limits, and trust themselves to move past their father’s distrust12. With time, patience, and support from those they trust, they can learn to open up and form strong bonds with others12.
“The journey to healing and forming healthy intimate relationships is not an easy one, but it is a necessary step in breaking the cycle of dysfunctional patterns learned in childhood.” – Narcissism Exposed
By facing the effects of their narcissistic father and working on self-trust and healthy limits, daughters can beat the hurdles in their relationships13. This journey needs patience, kindness towards oneself, and a readiness to face the fears and doubts from their past13.
Emotional Sensitivity and Dysregulation
Daughters of narcissistic fathers often face emotional sensitivity and dysregulation. They may have felt their feelings were not validated or acknowledged by their father. This can make it hard for them to manage their emotions, leading to mood swings and emotional instability14.
They often struggle with emotional dysregulation, finding it hard to control and express their feelings in a healthy way14. This might show up as intense emotional reactions, trouble calming down, and being easily overwhelmed by their feelings.
Narcissistic fathers often don’t show empathy, leaving their daughters without the emotional support they need. This can make daughters more emotionally sensitive, feeling their feelings are ignored or not valued14. Over time, this can make it hard for them to control their emotions and soothe themselves.
- Mood swings and emotional instability: Daughters of narcissistic fathers may often have mood changes, from intense anger to deep sadness, because of the unpredictable emotional environment they grew up in14.
- Difficulty regulating emotions: It can be hard to manage emotions, as daughters may not have the tools or strategies to handle their feelings in a healthy way14.
- Sensitivity to criticism: Daughters may be very sensitive to even constructive criticism, seeing it as a personal attack because of their father’s harsh and invalidating behavior14.
- Emotional outbursts: Daughters might have intense emotional reactions, like sudden anger or tears, as they struggle to find the right way to express their feelings14.
Helping daughters of narcissistic fathers deal with their emotional sensitivity and dysregulation is key to their healing and growth. With the right support and strategies, they can learn to better handle their emotions and build a healthier relationship with themselves and others.
“I spent so much of my life trying to control my emotions, to hide my sensitivity, because that’s what my father wanted. It’s been a long journey, but I’m finally learning to embrace my emotional nature and find healthy ways to express myself.”
Troubled Relationships and Attachment Issues
Daughters of narcissistic fathers often struggle with relationships and attachment issues as adults. They may mirror narcissistic behaviors or attract similar personalities, leading to emotional abuse and instability15.
Survivors of narcissistic parenting face challenges in adult relationships, feeling exploited and needing to please others due to past emotional abuse15. They may find it hard to set boundaries, say “no,” and stand up for themselves. This can lead to unhealthy relationships where they feel trapped15.
Those raised by narcissistic parents may not recognize the pain they went through as kids. Acknowledging this trauma can bring overwhelming feelings of grief or rage15. Adult survivors often try to earn their narcissistic parents’ approval by achieving a lot. This makes it hard for them to form close relationships15.
Studies show that kids can take on their parents’ behaviors, especially their mothers’, which may lessen with age16. Learning to cope with the effects of parental narcissism takes time but can improve mental health16.
Daughters of narcissistic fathers may have trouble forming secure attachments in adulthood, showing insecure patterns in their relationships17. Without early help, they might even show narcissistic traits, continuing the cycle of unhealthy relationships17.
“Children of narcissists often turn to habits like drinking, smoking, overeating, or addiction to cope with childhood trauma.”15
Dealing with the effects of a narcissistic father can be tough. But with awareness, support, and a commitment to healing, daughters can move past these patterns. They can then form healthier, more meaningful connections.
Perfectionistic Tendencies and Fear of Failure
Growing up with a narcissistic father can deeply affect a daughter’s emotional growth. It can lead to a constant need for perfection and a strong fear of failure. Narcissistic fathers often set high, unrealistic for their daughters. This leaves them feeling anxious and unsure of themselves18.
Daughters try hard to meet these high standards, feeling they must be perfect to get their father’s approval. This drive for flawlessness can make them feel inadequate and push them to be overly critical of themselves18.
Perfectionism and fear of failure are ways daughters cope with their past18. They believe they can’t meet their father’s high standards, so any mistake feels like a huge failure18. This constant need for perfection hurts their mental health and stops them from taking risks or exploring their interests18.
Overcoming the Legacy of Unrealistic Expectations
It’s important for daughters of narcissistic fathers to understand and deal with these deep-seated issues1819. By seeing how their father’s behavior affected them, they can start to let go of the high expectations. They learn to accept that being perfect isn’t the goal.
With self-compassion, therapy, and positive relationships, daughters can start to rebuild their self-esteem1819. They can learn to see things more realistically and find the courage to follow their dreams without fear of failure1819. This path to healing and self-discovery is hard, but it’s key to moving past unrealistic expectations and finding their true selves.
Boundary Setting Challenges and People-Pleasing
Daughters of narcissistic fathers often find it hard to set healthy boundaries. They often try to please everyone instead20. This comes from growing up where their needs were ignored. They struggle to stand up for themselves and put their own needs first20.
They might put others before themselves because they think getting validation from outside is key. This leads to trying too hard to please their narcissistic father and meet his high expectations20. Gender roles and society can make it worse for women who’ve faced narcissistic abuse20.
- Daughters of narcissistic fathers (and mothers) tend to become people-pleasers with porous boundaries in adulthood20.
- Daughters of narcissistic parents may have boundaries that are either too porous or severely rigid due to neglect and abuse20.
- People-pleasing habits in daughters of narcissistic fathers may stem from trying to please the father and meet his arbitrary standards20.
- Trauma survivors with ‘Fawn’ defensive structures may forfeit their needs, rights, preferences, and boundaries for the sake of relationships20.
- Childhood emotional abuse can lead to self-sabotage and self-harm in adulthood20.
- Women, socialized as caretakers, are more likely to be passive about their own needs, intensifying people-pleasing and perfectionism20.
It’s hard for daughters of narcissistic fathers to break free from these patterns and set healthy boundaries21. But, with awareness, support, and focusing on their own well-being, they can. They can learn to trust their feelings, stand up for themselves, and have better relationships21.
Fear of Abandonment and Rejection
Daughters of narcissistic fathers often fear being abandoned and rejected4. They’ve learned that love from their father was never steady. This makes them worry a lot about losing others’ approval and love4.
This fear can really affect their lives4. People with narcissistic parents often fear being rejected all the time22. This fear makes it hard for them to trust and commit in relationships4. Also, research shows that those with emotional abuse at home might look for similar bad relationships later on22.
- Daughters of narcissistic fathers often struggle with trust and forming close relationships4.
- They might be very alert and anxious, feeling more sensitive and reacting strongly to threats4.
- They might also want everything to be perfect and fear failure because of their father’s high expectations and criticism4.
It’s important to deal with these deep fears and attachment issues for daughters of narcissistic fathers to heal4. Research shows how this affects them, stressing the need to understand and overcome these challenges.
“The fear of abandonment is a deeply ingrained emotional response that can profoundly shape an individual’s relationships and sense of self-worth. Daughters of narcissistic fathers must navigate this complex emotional landscape with care and compassion.”
Self-Sabotaging Behaviors and Identity Suppression
Daughters of narcissistic fathers often find it hard to be themselves. They’ve learned to meet their father’s expectations to get his approval23. This can lead to self-destructive actions as they act out the bad parts of their relationship with their narcissistic father.
Narcissistic parents often praise their kids for following their rules and being like them. But they punish those who speak their minds or have different views23. So, daughters of these fathers might struggle to know who they are. They’ve learned to put their father’s wants before their own.
Not being true to oneself and hiding one’s true self can cause self-destructive actions. This includes not finishing projects, putting things off, and having trouble making choices24. These actions often come from an inner critic that sounds like the narcissistic father, causing constant doubt and a bad view of oneself.
Daughters of narcissistic fathers might also try too hard to please others. They change themselves to fit others’ needs and forget about their own24. This can make them feel resentful, unfulfilled, and not true to themselves.
Getting over the effects of a narcissistic father and finding one’s true self is hard but important. By spotting self-destructive patterns and the hiding of their true self, daughters can start to set limits. They can focus on their needs and build a stronger sense of self-worth and acceptance. The journey to healing might include getting help from professionals, thinking deeply about oneself, and working on personal growth.
“The greatest gift you can give yourself is to honor your true nature.” – Oprah Winfrey
The Unique Challenges of Daughters of Narcissistic Fathers
Daughters of narcissistic fathers deal with special emotional and psychological issues. These issues come from the complex ways they relate to their narcissistic parents. These parents often lack empathy, crave constant praise, and think very highly of themselves18.
Being raised by a narcissistic father can cause a lot of emotional pain. Daughters might feel anxious, depressed, or have low self-esteem3. They may also struggle to know who they are because they’ve had to hide their true selves to please their father3.
Daughters find it hard to make healthy relationships. They might not know how to set boundaries, trust others, or be close to people3. They may keep trying to please everyone and always need others to like them3.
Healing from a narcissistic father’s impact is hard and personal. It means facing the emotional pain, fighting negative thoughts, and getting help to build self-esteem and better relationships skills3.
Understanding the challenges daughters of narcissistic fathers face helps us support them better. This support helps them live a more fulfilling and true life183.
Identifying a Narcissistic Father: Key Traits and Signs
Understanding a narcissistic father’s traits can help daughters see their relationship’s dynamics and challenges. These fathers often lack empathy and need constant admiration. They also use manipulative behavior and think highly of themselves, affecting their daughters’ emotional health25. Knowing these traits helps daughters understand and work towards healing.
Lack of Empathy
A key sign of a narcissistic father is a lack of empathy. They may not understand or value their daughter’s feelings. This makes daughters feel left out and can cause emotional and relationship problems26.
Need for Admiration
Narcissistic fathers always want praise and attention. They might brag or belittle their daughter to feel superior26. This constant need for admiration affects their daughter’s emotional well-being.
Manipulative Behavior
These fathers use tricks to control and get what they want. They might gaslight or blame others to keep their power. This makes daughters doubt themselves and their feelings26.
Inflated Sense of Self-Importance
They think they’re better than everyone else and deserve special treatment. This belief can lead them to ignore others, cross boundaries, and use their daughter for their own gain26.
Seeing these traits in a narcissistic father helps daughters understand their relationship and its effects on them. By recognizing these behaviors, daughters can set boundaries and work on healing26.
“Narcissistic parenting is considered one of the most toxic ways to raise children.”25
Daughters of narcissistic fathers may face issues like trouble with relationships and an exploitative attitude. They might also feel emotionally unavailable or overly critical. Knowing these signs helps daughters see the harm done and move towards a better life2526.
The Path to Healing and Recovery
The journey to heal for daughters of narcissistic fathers is complex. It involves understanding their past, becoming more self-aware, and fighting negative thoughts and beliefs from their narcissistic parent27. By facing the emotional and psychological effects of their upbringing, they can start to find their true selves and gain back their freedom.
Getting help from a therapist or counselor is a big step towards healing28. A therapist who knows about narcissistic relationships can help with trauma, building confidence, and setting boundaries27. Also, having a circle of friends, family, or a “chosen family” gives emotional and practical help.
Self-care is key to getting better27. Doing things that make you feel good mentally and physically is important. Stress-reducing activities, being mindful, and finding joy can help daughters of narcissistic fathers feel in control and peaceful again. As they work on their identity and set healthy limits, they can escape the harm of narcissistic abuse and look forward to a better future. This article 10 Symptoms Of Daughters Of Narcissistic Fathers will help you to heal as daughter of Narcissistic Father.
FAQ
What are the key symptoms that daughters of narcissistic fathers may experience?
Daughters of narcissistic fathers often face emotional and psychological challenges. They may feel constantly unsure of themselves and need constant praise. They struggle to trust and form close relationships. They also have trouble managing their feelings and setting boundaries.
They might aim for perfection and fear failure. They may please others too much and fear being left out. They can also self-destruct and hide their true selves, feeling deeply insecure.
How do narcissistic fathers impact their daughters’ emotional well-being?
Narcissistic fathers often lack empathy and crave admiration. They act manipulatively and think highly of themselves. This affects their daughters’ emotional health deeply.
Daughters get mixed signals and feel emotionally ignored. This leads to many psychological and relationship problems for them.
How can a narcissistic father’s behavior lead to diminished self-worth and confidence in their daughters?
Constant criticism and emotional games from a narcissistic father can lower a daughter’s self-esteem. They’re pushed to meet high, often impossible, standards. Without empathy and validation from their father, they struggle to see their own worth.
This makes it hard for them to have a strong, positive view of themselves.
Why do daughters of narcissistic fathers often develop an excessive need for external validation?
Daughters of narcissistic fathers often crave outside approval because they didn’t get enough love and support from their dads. They seek approval from others, trying to fill the gap left by their father’s lack of affection.
How do narcissistic fathers impact their daughters’ ability to trust and form intimate relationships?
Daughters of narcissistic fathers find it hard to trust and be open in relationships. They’ve experienced betrayal and emotional games from their dads. This makes them hesitant to be vulnerable, affecting their ability to form deep connections.
What emotional challenges do daughters of narcissistic fathers often face?
Daughters of narcissistic fathers often struggle with managing their emotions. They’ve been given mixed signals by their fathers, leading to mood swings and emotional instability.
How do the dynamics with a narcissistic father impact their daughters’ relationships and attachment styles?
The unhealthy dynamics with a narcissistic father can lead to relationship and attachment issues for daughters. They might act like their narcissistic father or attract similar types, causing a cycle of emotional abuse.
How do perfectionistic tendencies and a fear of failure develop in daughters of narcissistic fathers?
Daughters of narcissistic fathers often feel pressured to be perfect. They fear making mistakes because they can’t meet their father’s high standards. This leads to constant anxiety and a drive for flawlessness to win their father’s approval.
Why do daughters of narcissistic fathers struggle with setting boundaries and people-pleasing?
Daughters of narcissistic fathers find it hard to set boundaries and tend to please others too much. They grew up where their needs were ignored. This makes it tough for them to stand up for themselves and prioritize their own needs.
How does the fear of abandonment and rejection impact daughters of narcissistic fathers?
Daughters of narcissistic fathers fear being abandoned and rejected deeply. Their fathers’ love was conditional, making them anxious about losing others’ approval. This makes trusting and committing to relationships hard for them.
How do daughters of narcissistic fathers struggle with self-expression and identity?
Daughters of narcissistic fathers often struggle to be themselves. They’ve learned to adapt to their father’s expectations for approval. This can lead to self-destructive behaviors as they act out the negative parts of their relationship with their father.
What are the key traits and signs that can help identify a narcissistic father?
Signs of a narcissistic father include a lack of empathy and a need for admiration. They act manipulatively and think highly of themselves. Other signs include trouble keeping relationships, being overly critical, and controlling nature, all of which hurt their daughters’ emotional health and development.
Source Links
- Children of Narcissistic Parents: Effects, Healing, and More – https://www.healthline.com/health/mental-health/children-of-narcissistic-parents
- 10 Symptoms of Daughters of Narcissistic Fathers – https://livewelltalk.medium.com/10-symptoms-of-daughters-of-narcissistic-fathers-55b523d34089
- Symptoms of Daughters of Narcissistic Fathers | Charlie Health – https://www.charliehealth.com/post/10-symptoms-of-daughters-of-narcissistic-fathers
- 10 Symptoms of Daughters with Narcissistic Fathers – Optimum Joy – https://optimumjoy.com/blog/10-symptoms-of-daughters-with-narcissistic-fathers/
- 15 Traits of Daughters of Narcissistic Fathers You Must Know! – https://www.pinchofattitude.com/traits-of-daughters-of-narcissistic-fathers/
- 10 Symptoms of Daughters of Narcissistic Fathers & How to Cope – https://www.wikihow.com/10-Symptoms-of-Daughters-of-Narcissistic-Fathers
- 10 Symptoms of Daughters of Narcissistic Fathers – https://grace-being.com/love-relationships/10-symptoms-of-daughters-of-narcissistic-fathers/
- Are You Plagued With Self-Doubt? – https://www.psychologytoday.com/intl/blog/the-legacy-distorted-love/201104/are-you-plagued-self-doubt
- Parental Narcissistic Abuse Recovery Expert. Helping you to overcome anxiety, overwhelm, low-self esteem to reconnect with your power, intuition and purpose. – https://www.mattdfox.com/why-do-you-never-feel-good-enough-how-narcissistic-parents-drain-self-esteem/
- 15 Traits of Adult Children of Narcissists: 2024 Full Guide – https://www.happinesspsychiatrist.com/post/15-traits-adult-children-of-narcissists
- 10 Symptoms Of Daughters Of Narcissistic Fathers – https://happyproject.in/symptoms-of-daughters-of-narcissistic-fathers/
- 10 Symptoms of Daughters of Narcissistic Fathers: The Impacts – https://www.pinchofattitude.com/symptoms-of-daughters-of-narcissistic-fathers/
- 10 Symptoms of Daughters of Narcissistic Parents – 21Ninety – https://21ninety.com/symptoms-of-daughters-of-narcissistic-mothers-fathers
- Narcissistic Father? See How It Might Affect You as a Daughter – https://breeze-wellbeing.com/blog/daughters-of-narcissistic-fathers/
- 10 Signs You Were Raised By Narcissists/The Recovery Room | Mental Health Blog – https://www.amandarobinspsychotherapy.com.au/articles/narcissistic-parent
- Healing the next generation: an adaptive agent model for the effects of parental narcissism – https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7925789/
- How Having a Narcissistic Parent Impacts Young Adult Mental Health – https://www.newportinstitute.com/resources/mental-health/narcissistic-parent/
- 7 Traits of Adult Children Who had a Narcissistic Parent — Trust Mental Health – https://trustmentalhealth.com/blog/7-traits-of-adult-children-who-had-a-narcissistic-parent
- 23 Telltale Signs of a Narcissistic Father and How to Deal – https://www.marriage.com/advice/mental-health/narcissistic-fathers/
- How Daughters of Narcissistic Fathers Become People-Pleasers (Daddy Issues, Part 4) – https://psychcentral.com/blog/recovering-narcissist/2017/06/how-daughters-of-narcissistic-fathers-become-people-pleasers-daddy-issues-part-4
- 2 people raised by narcissistic moms describe feeling like an after-thought, and turning into people-pleasers as a result – https://www.businessinsider.com/narcissistic-mothers-women-raised-by-them-became-people-pleasers-2022-3
- 10 Common Traits of People Who Had Narcissistic Parents – https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/invisible-bruises/202311/10-common-traits-of-being-raised-by-narcissistic-parents
- 13 Ways Narcissistic Parents Sabotage Their Children – https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/the-narcissist-in-your-life/202211/13-ways-narcissistic-parents-sabotage-their-children
- 17 Signs You Were Raised by a Narcissistic Mother/The Recovery Room | Mental Health Blog – https://www.amandarobinspsychotherapy.com.au/articles/narcissistic-mother-symptoms
- A psychologist shares the 7 signs of a narcissistic parent: ‘It’s a toxic way to raise your kids’ – https://www.cnbc.com/2022/09/05/a-psychologist-shares-the-signs-of-a-narcissistic-parent-its-a-toxic-way-to-raise-your-kids.html
- 13+ Signs You Have A Narcissistic Father And Ways To Deal With Him – https://www.momjunction.com/articles/narcissistic-father_00776776/
- 8 Ways to Heal from a Narcissistic Parent – https://psychcentral.com/relationships/healing-from-a-narcissistic-parent
- How to Heal From Narcissistic Parents — Talkspace – https://www.talkspace.com/mental-health/conditions/articles/healing-from-narcissistic-parents/